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Oracle 10g データベースの起動と停止

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Oracle 10g データベースの起動と停止

Oracle Database10g |

 link

http://otndnld.oracle.co.jp/document/products/oracle10g/102/doc_cd/server.102/B19224-02/start.htm#178896

起動

概要

 

コマンド
start [ open pfile=PFILE名] [nomount | mount ]

<blockquote>1. spfile[SID].ora</blockquote> <blockquote>2. spfile.ora</blockquote> <blockquote>3. init[SID].ora</blockquote>

アラートログの場所を調べる

SQL> select name,value from v$parameter where name = 'background_dump_dest';
NAME                     VALUE
------------------------ --------------------------------------
background_dump_dest     /opt/oracle/app/admin/oradb1/bdump

NOMOUNT

SQL Plus
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  167772160 bytes
Fixed Size                  1218316 bytes
Variable Size              83888372 bytes
Database Buffers           79691776 bytes
Redo Buffers                2973696 bytes
アラートログ
Sat Feb  7 08:22:22 2009
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 2
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_10 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on. 
IMODE=BR
ILAT =18
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
ksdpec: called for event 13740 prior to event group initialization
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version: 10.2.0.1.0.
System parameters with non-default values:
  processes                = 150
  __shared_pool_size       = 75497472
  __large_pool_size        = 4194304
  __java_pool_size         = 4194304
  __streams_pool_size      = 0
  nls_language             = JAPANESE
  nls_territory            = JAPAN
  sga_target               = 167772160
  control_files            = /opt/oracle/app/oradata/oradb1/control01.ctl, /opt/oracle/app/oradat
a/oradb1/control02.ctl, /opt/oracle/app/oradata/oradb1/control03.ctl
  db_block_size            = 8192
  __db_cache_size          = 79691776
  compatible               = 10.2.0.1.0
  db_file_multiblock_read_count= 16
  db_recovery_file_dest    = /opt/oracle/app/flash_recovery_area
  db_recovery_file_dest_size= 2147483648
  undo_management          = AUTO
  undo_tablespace          = UNDOTBS1
  remote_login_passwordfile= EXCLUSIVE
  db_domain                = vboxfedora10.typea.info
  dispatchers              = (PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=oradb1XDB)
  job_queue_processes      = 10
  background_dump_dest     = /opt/oracle/app/admin/oradb1/bdump
  user_dump_dest           = /opt/oracle/app/admin/oradb1/udump
  core_dump_dest           = /opt/oracle/app/admin/oradb1/cdump
  audit_file_dest          = /opt/oracle/app/admin/oradb1/adump
  db_name                  = oradb1
  open_cursors             = 300
  pga_aggregate_target     = 16777216
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=6024
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=6026
MMAN started with pid=4, OS id=6028
DBW0 started with pid=5, OS id=6030
LGWR started with pid=6, OS id=6032
CKPT started with pid=7, OS id=6034

MOUNT

SQL Plus
SQL> alter database mount;

Database altered.
アラートログ
Sat Feb  7 08:22:24 2009
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
MMNL started with pid=12, OS id=6044
Sat Feb  7 08:22:24 2009
starting up 1 shared server(s) ...
Sat Feb  7 09:11:23 2009
alter database mount
Sat Feb  7 09:11:27 2009
Setting recovery target incarnation to 2
Sat Feb  7 09:11:27 2009
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 2023396219
Sat Feb  7 09:11:27 2009
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Completed: alter database mount

OPEN

SQL Plus
SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.
アラートログ
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
alter database open
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
ARC0 started with pid=16, OS id=7423
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
ARC0: Archival started
ARC1: Archival started
LGWR: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC1 started with pid=17, OS id=7425
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
ARC1: Becoming the 'no FAL' ARCH
ARC1: Becoming the 'no SRL' ARCH
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
Thread 1 opened at log sequence 33
  Current log# 2 seq# 33 mem# 0: /opt/oracle/app/oradata/oradb1/redo02.log
  Successful open of redo thread 1
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
MTTR advisory is disabled because FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is not set
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
SMON: enabling cache recovery
Sat Feb  7 09:12:55 2009
ARC2: Archival started
ARC0: STARTING ARCH PROCESSES COMPLETE
ARC0: Becoming the heartbeat ARCH
ARC2 started with pid=18, OS id=7427
Sat Feb  7 09:12:57 2009
Successfully onlined Undo Tablespace 1.
Sat Feb  7 09:12:57 2009
SMON: enabling tx recovery
Sat Feb  7 09:12:57 2009
Database Characterset is AL32UTF8
replication_dependency_tracking turned off (no async multimaster replication found)
Starting background process QMNC
QMNC started with pid=19, OS id=7443
Sat Feb  7 09:13:05 2009
db_recovery_file_dest_size of 2048 MB is 2.43% used. This is a
user-specified limit on the amount of space that will be used by this
database for recovery-related files, and does not reflect the amount of
space available in the underlying filesystem or ASM diskgroup.
Sat Feb  7 09:13:06 2009
Completed: alter database open
(END)

アクセスを制限した起動

  • インスタンスの使用を管理担当者にのみ許可し、一般データベース・ユーザーの使用を禁止
RESTRICT
startup restrict [ open nomount | mount ]
SQL Plus
SQL> startup restrict;
ORACLE instance started.
アラートログ
Sat Feb  7 20:13:27 2009
Starting ORACLE instance (restrict)
            :
他ユーザでログイン
SQL> conn oratest/****
ERROR:
ORA-01035: ORACLE only available to users with RESTRICTED SESSION privilege

停止

SHUTDOWN

shutdown [ abort  normal | transactional | immediate ]
  • データベースとインスタンスを停止するには、最初にSYSOPERまたはSYSDBAとして接続する必要
  • 一部の停止モードでは、実際にデータベースを停止する前に、特定のイベント（トランザクションの完了またはユーザーによる切断など）の発生を待機します。これらのイベントに対するタイムアウト間隔は1時間
    • 停止をブロックしているイベントすべてが1時間以内に発生しない場合、停止コマンドは次のメッセージを表示して取り消されます。ORA-01013: ユーザーによって現行の操作の取消しがリクエストされました。
停止モード
  • デフォルトの停止モードはNORMAL
停止モード 内容 新規接続 セッション トランザクション 次回インスタンス・リカバリ
NORMAL 通常の停止 不可 切断待機 完了待機 不要
TRANSACTIONAL アクティブトランザクションを完了し、予定どおりにインスタンスを停止 不可 切断 完了待機 不要
IMMEDIATE 即時停止 不可 切断 暗黙的にロールバック 不要
ABORT 強制終了 不可 強制終了 強制終了 必要
ABORTからインスタンス・リカバリ
SQL> delete from httpd_access_log where seq = 7956;

1 row deleted.
  • コミット前に、SHUTDOWN ABORT(アラートログ)
Sun Feb  8 02:24:06 2009
Shutting down instance (abort)
License high water mark = 12
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 32707
  • SQL Plusからコミット(失敗する)
SQL> commit;
commit
     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03135: connection lost contact
  • 再起動(STARTUP アラートログ リカバリが実行されている)
     :
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Sun Feb  8 02:25:23 2009
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Sun Feb  8 02:25:23 2009
Started redo scan
Sun Feb  8 02:25:23 2009
Completed redo scan
 1339 redo blocks read, 169 data blocks need recovery
Sun Feb  8 02:25:24 2009
Started redo application at
 Thread 1: logseq 33, block 65010
Sun Feb  8 02:25:24 2009
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 2 Seq 33 Reading mem 0
  Mem# 0 errs 0: /opt/oracle/app/oradata/oradb1/redo02.log
Sun Feb  8 02:25:24 2009
Completed redo application
Sun Feb  8 02:25:24 2009
Completed crash recovery at
 Thread 1: logseq 33, block 66349, scn 2049378
 169 data blocks read, 169 data blocks written, 1339 redo blocks read
      :
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN

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